Other common names

Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA), developed by Dr. Raymond Sabouraud in 1892, is a selective medium for fungal culture. It is primarily used to isolate dermatophytes, yeasts, and other fungi, both pathogenic and non-pathogenic. SDA is a complex medium for cultivation and isolation of yeasts and moulds as well as the absence test for Candida albicans.

According to pharmacopoeia and ISO 18415, the neutralisers lecithin, polysorbate (Tween®) 80, histidine and sodium thiosulfate are suitable for neutralisation of disinfectant residues containing the following active agents: aldehydes, bis-biguanides, oxidizing compounds, parabens, phenolic compounds, and quaternary ammonium compounds.

Commonly used in research and clinical studies, SDA traditionally inhibits bacterial growth through its low pH (5.6). The mycological peptone (a mixture of animal and plant peptones) and dextrose helps the rapid growth of the fungi.

The medium contains a variety of neutralising agents to reduce the growth inhibiting effects of a range of potentially interfering or antimicrobial substances.

The base formulation is prepared according to the recommendations of the current European, Japanese and United States Pharmacopoeia (EP, 2.6.12.; JP, 4.05 and USP, 61) and supplemented with neutralisers.


Primary Use

For the determination of the total count of yeasts and moulds on dry, sanitised surfaces and personnel in cleanrooms and isolators.

 

 

Key Components:

  • Peptones: Provide amino acids and nitrogenous compounds for fungal growth. 
  • Dextrose: Energy and carbon source. 
  • Neutralisers: Lecithin, polysorbate 80, histidine, sodium thiosulphate, and pyruvate. 
  • pH: Approximately 5.6, promoting fungal growth and suppressing bacterial growth. 

Applications

  • Environmental monitoring in cleanrooms. 
  • Microbial enumeration in pharmaceutical and cosmetic products. 
  • Monitoring raw materials and finished products for fungal contamination. 

Incubation Parameters:


Organism Type  Temperature Range  Incubation Duration 

Selective determination of yeasts and moulds 

20-25°C  Minimum 7 days 

14 days recommended 

 

Different guidelines provide recommendations for incubation such as the USP, EP, and BP. Incubation conditions can be adjusted as needed but must be validated for specific applications.

Appearance

Prepared medium: slightly opalescent, light amber. 

Fungal Species Colony Colour Texture Size (mm) Shape Additional Features
Candida albicans Cream to white Smooth, glossy 2-3 mm Circular Often have a yeasty odour
Aspergillus fumigatus Greenish to brown Powdery 3-5 mm Often radial or with a characteristic "fuzzy" appearance Conidiophores and conidia visible under microscopy
Trichophyton rubrum Cream to white Velvety or cottony 3-5 mm Circular to irregular Slow-growing, may produce red pigment on reverse
Penicillium spp. Blue-green to blue Powdery or granular 3-6 mm Circular to irregular Produces a characteristic greenish-blue pigment
Cryptococcus neoformans Cream to pinkish Smooth, mucoid 2-5 mm Circular to irregular Often encapsulated, visible capsules under microscopy
Fusarium spp. Pink to orange Cottony or fluffy 3-7 mm Irregular Produces pink or orange pigment, may have aerial hyphae
Mucor spp. White to grey Cottony or fluffy 4-8 mm Irregular Irregular | Large, rapidly growing colonies with sporangia
Malassezia spp. Cream to yellow-brown Creamy or waxy 1-3 mm Circular Lipophilic, may produce a "spaghetti and meatballs" appearance under microscopy
Rhizopus spp. Grey to brown Cottony or fluffy 4-9 mm Irregular Rapid growth, sporangia with characteristic sporangiospores

 

Fungus or Yeast Colony Morphology Colony Elevation Colony Pigmentation
Dermatophytes Smooth, white, powdery Flat White
Yeasts Smooth, cream-coloured, yeast-like Flat  White, cream, or pink
Moulds Raised, fuzzy Varies Green, brown, black, or other colours

 

Ingredients and Typical Amounts:

Ingredients  

Amounts (g/L) 

Sabouraud Dextrose Agar 

65.0 

Agar No 1 

1g 

Polysorbate 80 (Tween 80) 

5.0 

Lecithin 

0.7 

Histidine 

1.0 

Sodium Thiosulfate 

0.5 

Final pH non irradiated: pH - 6.2 ± 0.2, irradiated Final pH: 5.8 ± 0.2 

 

Does Plate Choice Change Sampling Accuracy?

Comparative Analysis of Petri Dish Variation in Flow Rate for Air Sampling. This extended report aims to further investigate the variations in flow rate observed in petri dishes used for air sampling, focusing on the potential factors contributing to these fluctuations.


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