Other common names

R2A agar is also known as Reasoner’s 2A agar after one of the scientists who developed the formulation. 


Primary Use

R2A is a low nutrition medium used to assess the bacterial condition of drinking water and process water. Incubating at lower temperatures for longer periods has found the medium to be effective in recovering stressed or damaged organisms. 

 

 

Technical characteristics


The medium’s nutritionally reduced formulation consists of: 

Typical formulation: g/ltr
Yeast extract 0.5
Proteose peptone 0.5
Casein hydrolysate 0.5
Glucose 0.5
Starch 0.5
Di-potassium phosphate 0.3
Magnesium sulphate 0.024
Sodium pyruvate 0.3
Agar 15.0

Fresh pH 7.2 ±0.2

Applications


The main application for R2A agar is for the bacterial examination of drinking water. However, it has become a medium of choice for assessing microbial contamination in processed water within pharmaceutical manufacturing. The mediums low nutritive value is specifically suited for recovery of organisms stressed or damaged by sanitisation processes.

Appearance


The prepared media is light straw in colour with a slightly opaque appearance. 



Organisms & morphology


R2A agar is recommended for the isolation and recovery of aerobic and facultative heterotrophic bacteria.

A typical set of control organisms are:

 

Morphology

Gram

Biochemical test

Organism

Edge

Shape

Colour

Gram

Shape

Catalase

Oxidase

Staphylococcus aureus

Smooth

Regular

Cream

Positive

Cocci

Positive

Negative

Escherichia coli

Smooth

Regular

Cream

Negative

Rods

Positive

Negative

Bacillus subtilis

Irregular

Irregular

Cream

Positive

Rods

Positive

Variable

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Smooth

Regular

Cream

Negative

Rods

Positive

Positive

Enterococcus faecalis

Regular

 Regular

Cream

Positive

Cocci

Negative

Negative

Typical incubation parameters

R2A media is incubated at 30-35°C for the recovery of bacterial cultures.  


Regulatory references

R2A is a Harmonised Pharmacopoeia medium and as such is mentioned in the BP/EP/JP, as well as the US Pharmacopoeia. 

EP Chapter Ref 6.3 Microbiological monitoring of water 

Recommended Culture Media

Property

Micro-organisms

Incubation Time & Temp

R2A

Growth promotion

Bacillus subtilis

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

30-35ºC for < 3 days


Download PDF version
 
 

 

Does Plate Choice Change Sampling Accuracy?

Comparative Analysis of Petri Dish Variation in Flow Rate for Air Sampling. This extended report aims to further investigate the variations in flow rate observed in petri dishes used for air sampling, focusing on the potential factors contributing to these fluctuations.


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